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Types of Arthritis and their Symptoms

The term arthritis is used to describe changes in the joints which may be either inflammatory or degenerative in character. If only one joint is affected the condition is referred to as monoarticular arthritis; if several joints are involved it is called polyarticular arthritis or polyarthritis

There are over 100 types of arthritis, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. The word "arthritis" means "joint inflammation." Inflammation is one of the body's natural reactions to disease or injury, and includes swelling, pain, and stiffness. Inflammation that lasts for a very long time or recurs, as in arthritis, can lead to tissue damage.

Gout

Gout is characterized by inflamed, painful joints due to the formation of crystal deposits at the joints. Also known as "the disease of kings and the king of diseases," gout affects more men than women and is often associated with obesity, hypertension (high blood pressure), hyperlipidemia (high levels of lipids in the blood), and diabetes.

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting around 5-10% of the total population, particularly women. It develops when articular cartilage (the smooth covering over bones in the joints) starts to break down, usually as a result of trauma, ageing or failure of joint repair and maintenance mechanisms. Degradation of the cartilage can be associated with underlying bone damage, thickening and bone-on-bone friction.

Psoriatic Arthritis
Five percent of people with psoriasis (a chronic skin disorder) are affected by psoriatic arthritis. Like rheumatoid arthritis, the joints, and in some cases the spine, are subjected to inflammation.
Rheumatoid Arthritis, or RA.

The inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis starts after the immune system turns on itself and attacks the body. It is not known why the body does this. It’s a called systemic condition, meaning that it affects tissue throughout the body, including the respiratory system, skin, blood vessels, nerves and eyes.

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Juvenile rhuematoid arthritis is a chronic condition that causes inflammation in one or more joints and begins before the age of 16. It is the most common type of arthritis in children. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, swelling, and loss of function in the joints. The arthritis may be associated with rashes or fevers, and it may affect other parts of the body.

Polymyalgia Rheumatica: This affects people after the age of fifty and it causes severe aching and stiffness of the shoulders, hips, and neck. Since other conditions have similar symptoms, it is often difficult to diagnose it accurately. However, if diagnosed early enough, it usually responds well to treatment.

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